Document Type : Review article
Authors
1 waleed.ali@ima.org.iq
2 Department of medicine
Abstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the main causes of preventable blindness, so early detection and diagnosis play a great role in the management of Diabetic retinopathy.
Aim: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetic patients at Baba Gurgur Diabetic Center_K1 Hospital in Kirkuk city from November 2019 to May 2020. The study included 750 patients.
Result: A total of 750 diabetic participants were involved in this study, with 55 years mean of age ranging from 23 to 80 years, 412 (54.9%) were male, and 338(45.1%) were female. A 115 (15.3%) patients were found with signs of Diabetic Retinopathy (Group A ) and 635 ( 84.7% ) with no signs of Diabetic Retinopathy( Group B ), there was no significant relationship between male and female ratio and DR increases significantly with age.
There was a significantly high level of mean HbAc1 (10.3 ) among the DR group in comparison to (8.5) in the non-DR group. Also, hypertension and smoking play a role in developing DR.
We noticed significant relation between type I diabetes and the prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy.
Conclusion: Affair prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy among Iraqi diabetic patients. High levels of HbA1c, hypertension and, smoking are strongly correlated with diabetic retinopathy. Our findings support enhanced governments' and healthcare providers' efforts in Iraq to ensure DR diagnosis and treatment and greater control of variables correlated with it.
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