Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Occurrence and Recurrence of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Narrative Review

Al-Ani, Raid M.; Al-Rawi, Taghreed S Saeed; Aljuboori, Ahmad Nasrat; Ahmed, Harith

doi:10.32894/kjms.2024.146373.1091

Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Occurrence and Recurrence of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Narrative Review

Document Type : Review article

Authors

Raid M. Al-Ani ¹

Taghreed S Saeed Al-Rawi ²

Ahmad Nasrat Aljuboori ³

Harith Ahmed ⁴

¹ Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq.

² Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq.

³ Department of Otolaryngology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Faculty of Medicine, Qatar University, Qatar.

⁴ Al-Emadi Hospital, Qatar

https://doi.org/10.32894/kjms.2024.146373.1091

Abstract

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a short-lived attack of rotatory vertigo provoked by certain head movements. The most acceptable theories for its pathogenesis are canalithiasis and cupulolithiasis as a result of the detachment of otoconia from the otolithic membrane. Although canal repositioning maneuvers resolve BPPV, recurrence is a common feature. During the last two decades, there is a revolution in research in understanding many aspects of this
disorder. The advanced age, female gender, migraine, Meniere’s disease, trauma, and infection are recognized examples of the BPPV causes. Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is considered a risk factor for the occurrence and recurrence of the disease as indicated by many investigations. Therefore, estimation of vitamin D serum level in all subjects with BPPV is highly recommended. In addition to canal repositioning procedures such as the Epley maneuver, vitamin D
supplementation in patients with deficient or insufficient vitamin D is the best treatment for primary BPPV.
In this review, we discussed the updating knowledge of the risk factors of BPPV as an initiator for the disease or a risk factor for
its recurrence.

Keywords

Rotatory vertigo

Vitamin D

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Dizziness