Document Type : Original research
Authors
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq.
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, contributes to the metabolism of phosphorus and calcium in its active
form (1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D). It might help prevent and manage autoimmune diseases such as diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes has become a serious global health problem as its incidence and prevalence have increased. Recently, efforts to
identify novel ways to treat and prevent diabetes have centered on vitamin D supplementation. The bulk of research
relates both types of diabetes to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. The study aimed to analyze how vitamin D affects
type 2 diabetes.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Kirkuk City from September to November 2023. The study included
112 patients, 57 of whom had type 2 diabetes that wasn’t under control and 55 who were in a control group after ethical
concerns were addressed.
Results: The finding indicated that there is a significant relationship between vitamin D level and HbA1c and random
blood sugar, The higher percentage of severe vitamin D deficiency in the diabetes group (22.8%) compared to the control
group (9%) is statistically significant, highlighting a significant disparity in vitamin D status. Additionally, the mean
vitamin D level is notably lower in the diabetes group (20.41 ng/ml) compared to the control group (31.23 ng/ml), with a
T-test result of 3.10 and a p-value of 0.029. These findings suggest that people with diabetes are more likely to have lower
vitamin D levels. Overall, the data support a strong association between diabetes and lower vitamin D levels, potentially
implicating vitamin D deficiency as a factor in the management or pathogenesis of diabetes.
Conclusion: Patients with type two diabetes have much lower amounts of vitamin D than healthy people. In fact, 19.2%
of these people have vitamin D deficiency. The results show that not getting enough vitamin D may play a part in getting
type 2 diabetes. Supplementing with vitamin D could help prevent the disease and mitigate its effects.
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